<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE article  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en" article-type="research article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">CMP</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Advances in Condensed Matter Physics</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2326-3512</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12677/CMP.2022.112003</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">CMP-51462</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>CMP20220200000_42765642.pdf</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>数学与物理</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>
 
 
  二维层状磁性半导体材料FePSe
  <sub>3</sub>的物理性质研究
  Study on Physical Properties of Two-Dimensional Layered Magnetic Semiconductor Material FePSe
  <sub>3</sub>
 
</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>刘</surname><given-names>博</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>杨</surname><given-names>艺</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>傅</surname><given-names>瑜</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>何</surname><given-names>俊宝</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff2"><addr-line>南阳师范学院物理与电子工程学院，河南 南阳</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff1"><addr-line>null</addr-line></aff><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>02</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>&#169; Copyright  2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license><license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>
 
 
  本文采用化学气相输运(CVT)法生长了大尺寸高质量的过渡金属–磷–三硒化物FePSe
  <sub>3</sub>的单晶样品，通过扫描电镜–能谱系统(SEM-EDX)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、综合物性测量系统(PPMS)和磁性测量系统(MPMS)研究了该单晶样品的化学成分、晶体结构、电输运性质和磁各向异性。单晶和粉末X射线衍射表明FePSe
  <sub>3</sub>是具有三角晶体结构的典型层状材料。面内电阻率随温度变化曲线表明FePSe
  <sub>3</sub>是半导体材料，激活能约为268 meV。磁化率随温度变化曲线表明FePSe
  <sub>3</sub>在109 K发生具有明显一级相变特征的反铁磁相变；反铁磁相变温度之上面内磁化率和面间磁化率都表现居里–外斯顺磁行为，但外斯温度符号相反，表现出明显的各向异性。
   The transition metal phosphorus trisulfides FePSe
  <sub>3</sub> was successfully grown by chemical vapor transport (CVT) method. The chemical composition, crystal structure, electrical transport properties, and magnetic anisotropy have been studied by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersion spectrum (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), physical property measurement system (PPMS), and magnetic property measurement system (MPMS). Single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction pattern confirms that FePSe
  <sub>3</sub> belongs to the trigonal crystal structure, and has the features of van der Waals layer structure. The in-plane resistivity increases with decreasing temperature and exhibits semiconductor behavior with an activation energy of 268 meV. In high temperature, the in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic susceptibility increase with decreasing temperature and exhibit Curie-Weiss paramagnetic behavior, but the Weiss temperatures of both directions have a different sign which indicates that the magnetic properties of FePSe
  <sub>3</sub> are anisotropic. With decreasing temperature, the magnetic susceptibility of both directions shows a sharp decrease at the temperature of 109 K and then almost keeps a constant, which is a typical antiferromagnetic transition, but further analysis suggests that the antiferromagnetic transition is a first-order phase transition.
 
</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>二维层状磁性半导体材料，单晶制备，晶体结构，物理性质, Two-Dimensional Layered Magnetic Semiconductor Material</kwd><kwd> Single Crystal Preparation</kwd><kwd> Crystal Structure</kwd><kwd> Physical Properties</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><sec id="s1"><title>摘要</title><p>本文采用化学气相输运(CVT)法生长了大尺寸高质量的过渡金属–磷–三硒化物FePSe<sub>3</sub>的单晶样品，通过扫描电镜–能谱系统(SEM-EDX)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、综合物性测量系统(PPMS)和磁性测量系统(MPMS)研究了该单晶样品的化学成分、晶体结构、电输运性质和磁各向异性。单晶和粉末X射线衍射表明FePSe<sub>3</sub>是具有三角晶体结构的典型层状材料。面内电阻率随温度变化曲线表明FePSe<sub>3</sub>是半导体材料，激活能约为268 meV。磁化率随温度变化曲线表明FePSe<sub>3</sub>在109 K发生具有明显一级相变特征的反铁磁相变；反铁磁相变温度之上面内磁化率和面间磁化率都表现居里–外斯顺磁行为，但外斯温度符号相反，表现出明显的各向异性。</p></sec><sec id="s2"><title>关键词</title><p>二维层状磁性半导体材料，单晶制备，晶体结构，物理性质</p></sec><sec id="s3"><title>Study on Physical Properties of Two-Dimensional Layered Magnetic Semiconductor Material FePSe<sub>3</sub><sup> </sup></title><p>Bo Liu, Yi Yang, Yu Fu, Junbao He<sup>*</sup></p><p>School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang Henan</p><p>Received: Apr. 12<sup>th</sup>, 2022; accepted: May 12<sup>th</sup>, 2022; published: May 20<sup>th</sup>, 2022</p></sec><sec id="s4"><title>ABSTRACT</title><p>The transition metal phosphorus trisulfides FePSe<sub>3</sub> was successfully grown by chemical vapor transport (CVT) method. The chemical composition, crystal structure, electrical transport properties, and magnetic anisotropy have been studied by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersion spectrum (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), physical property measurement system (PPMS), and magnetic property measurement system (MPMS). Single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction pattern confirms that FePSe<sub>3</sub> belongs to the trigonal crystal structure, and has the features of van der Waals layer structure. The in-plane resistivity increases with decreasing temperature and exhibits semiconductor behavior with an activation energy of 268 meV. In high temperature, the in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic susceptibility increase with decreasing temperature and exhibit Curie-Weiss paramagnetic behavior, but the Weiss temperatures of both directions have a different sign which indicates that the magnetic properties of FePSe<sub>3</sub> are anisotropic. With decreasing temperature, the magnetic susceptibility of both directions shows a sharp decrease at the temperature of 109 K and then almost keeps a constant, which is a typical antiferromagnetic transition, but further analysis suggests that the antiferromagnetic transition is a first-order phase transition.</p><p>Keywords:Two-Dimensional Layered Magnetic Semiconductor Material, Single Crystal Preparation, Crystal Structure, Physical Properties</p><disp-formula id="hanspub.51462-formula3"><graphic xlink:href="//html.hanspub.org/file/2-2590142x5_hanspub.png?20220523092255170"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Copyright &#169; 2022 by author(s) and Hans Publishers Inc.</p><p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).</p><p>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</p><p><img src="//html.hanspub.org/file/2-2590142x6_hanspub.png?20220523092255170" /> <img src="//html.hanspub.org/file/2-2590142x7_hanspub.png?20220523092255170" /></p></sec><sec id="s5"><title>1. 引言</title><p>范德瓦尔斯层状磁性半导体材料兼具磁性和半导体特性，并且具有典型的二维磁性系统的特征，不仅在基础物理研究方面具有重要意义 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref1">1</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref2">2</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref3">3</xref>]；同时，这类材料的层间依靠较弱的范德瓦尔斯力相结合，耦合作用较弱，易于通过简单的机械剥离的方法制备大面积高质量的薄膜和异质结等电子器件，在锂电池、化学催化和纳米自旋电子器件等方面具有广阔的应用前景 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref1">1</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref2">2</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref3">3</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref4">4</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref5">5</xref>]。</p><p>过渡金属–磷–三硒化物FePSe<sub>3</sub>是一种典型的范德瓦尔斯层状磁性半导体材料 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref4">4</xref>] - [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref12">12</xref>]。FePSe<sub>3</sub>具有三角层状晶体结构，空间群为R-3 (No. 148)，其晶体结构如图1(a)所示，可以看成是沿c轴堆垛排列FePSe<sub>3</sub>层形成的；层间主要依靠上下两层Se原子层之间相互作用力较弱的范德华力结合。输运性质、中子衍射、拉曼散射等研究表明FePSe<sub>3</sub>是典型的二维反磁性系统，Fe<sup>2+</sup>离子易磁化方向沿c轴，层间是反铁磁相互作用，而层内反铁磁交换和铁磁性交换并存 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref6">6</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref7">7</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref8">8</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref9">9</xref>]。在压力作用下，FePSe<sub>3</sub>发生结构相变并产生超导电性 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref10">10</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref11">11</xref>]；在Mn掺杂作用下，Mn<sub>1−x</sub>Fe<sub>x</sub>PSe<sub>3</sub>表现出较强的各向异性和短程磁有序现象 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref12">12</xref>]。虽然学界采用气相输运法已经制备出了FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶样品并开展了相关的物理性质研究，但是到目前为止，FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶的电输运和磁各向异性等物理性质的表征和研究还是十分缺乏的 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref4">4</xref>] - [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref12">12</xref>]。因此，生长FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶样品，并开展电输运性质和磁各向异性等物理性质的研究是十分必要的，并且对进一步的理论和应用研究都具有十分重要的意义。</p><p>本文采用化学气相输运法生长了大尺寸高质量的FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶样品材料，系统研究了FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶样品的化学成分、晶体结构、电输运性质和磁学各向异性等物理性质。结果表明：FePSe<sub>3</sub>是一个典型的二维层状磁性范德瓦尔斯半导体材料，激活能约为268 meV；且在109 K处发生具有明显各向异性和一级相变特征的反铁磁相变。</p></sec><sec id="s6"><title>2. 实验</title><sec id="s6_1"><title>2.1. 晶体生长</title><p>实验中采用传统的固相合成法制备FePSe<sub>3</sub>多晶样品。首先在充满氩气的手套箱中将还原Fe粉(光谱纯)、P粉(分析纯)、Se粉(99.99%)按照1:1:3的摩尔比进行称量、混合、研磨、压片；然后装入高纯石英管并抽真空(5 &#215; 10<sup>−4</sup> Pa)后密封；最后将石英管密封后的样品放入到高温箱式马弗炉进行烧结反应。烧结过程中，首先将马弗炉按照50℃/h的升温速率缓慢升温到600℃，然后马弗炉在600℃保温100 h，最后切断马弗炉电源。待马弗炉自然冷却到室温后，取出FePSe<sub>3</sub>多晶样品并研磨成粉末，作为采用化学气相输运法制备单晶样品的前驱物备用。</p><p>实验中采用化学气相输运法制备FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶样品。首先称量2.0000 g的FePSe<sub>3</sub>多晶前驱物作为原料，再称量0.1000 g的I<sub>2</sub>颗粒(99.99%)作为气相输运剂，两者简单混合后放入高纯石英管(内径10 mm壁厚3 mm)中，然后用机械真空泵抽真空后将石英管密封，最后将密封后的石英管放入双温区管式电炉中。上述过程中需要注意的是密封后的石英管长度一般应与双温区管式电炉的两个加热端的距离一致，以保证石英管两端刚好放置在双温区电炉的两个加热端上，同时，原料和输运剂还需集中在石英管的一端以便作为高温端进行烧结输运。烧结过程中，首先在10 h内将原料和输运剂端升温到700℃、无样品端升温到550℃，然后将双温区管式电炉保温300 h，最后切断双温区管式电炉电源，待自然冷却到室温后即可取出样品。</p></sec><sec id="s6_2"><title>2.2. 化学成分、晶体结构和物理性质表征</title><p>实验中在场发射扫描电子显微镜(德国Carl Zeiss SIGMA 500)——能谱仪(英国Oxford X-Max 50)系统上观测单晶样品的微观形貌、元素分布等情况，并通过Oxford能谱仪配套的AZtec软件对化学成分进行定量计算。</p><p>实验中样品的X射线衍射数据是在室温空气环境下通过荷兰PANalytical生产的Cu靶(λ<sub>Kα1 </sub>= 0.15406 nm) X射线衍射仪测试获得的，其中管电压为40 kV、管电流为40 mA、扫描步长为0.02˚。单晶表面的X射线衍射每步扫描测试采集时间为0.5 s，扫描测试2θ的范围是10˚~80˚；单晶粉末的X射线衍射每步扫描测试采集时间为5 s，扫描测试2θ的范围是10˚~90˚。最后利用GSAS-II软件对粉末X射线衍射数据进行解析计算晶体结构相关参数 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref13">13</xref>]。</p><p>实验中在综合物性测量系统(美国Quantum Design PPMS-9 T)上采用四端法测量升温电阻率数据，在磁性测量系统(美国Quantum Design MPMS SQUID VSM-7 T)上采用DC模式测量升温磁化数据。</p></sec></sec><sec id="s7"><title>3. 结果与讨论</title><sec id="s7_1"><title>3.1. 化学成分分析和晶体结构表征</title><p>实验中获得单晶在光学显微镜下的基本形貌如图1(b)所示，尺寸大约为6 mm &#215; 4 mm &#215; 0.5 mm。单晶的能谱分析如图1(c)所示，图谱中仅包含Fe、P、Se三种化学元素，并且化学成分定量计算分析结果表明这三种化学元素的摩尔计量比为1:0.98:2.97，在仪器的误差范围内非常接近FePSe<sub>3</sub>的理想化学摩尔计量比。FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶样品表面上的X射线衍射图样如图1(d)所示，5条衍射峰分布非常均匀；通过与FePSe<sub>3</sub>的标准X射线衍射谱比对，5条衍射峰可以标定为(00L) [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref7">7</xref>]，说明实验中片状单晶较大的表面为ab面，同时衍射公式定量计算可得晶格常数c = 19.73 &#197;。单晶样品研磨成粉末后的X射线衍射数据及晶体结构精修数据如图1(e)所示，所有的实验衍射峰都能与标准衍射峰对应。晶体结构精修结果表明：FePSe<sub>3</sub>具有如图1(a)所示的三角层状晶体结构，空间群为R-3 (No. 148)，晶体结构参数分别为a = b = 6.27 &#197;，c = 19.81 &#197;，残差因子R<sub>wp</sub> = 6.01%，实验中获得FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶样品的晶体结构数据均与以前文献报道的数据一致 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref7">7</xref>]。这都进一步说明实验中的单晶不存在其他杂相，其具有较高的晶体质量。</p><p>图1. (a) FePSe<sub>3</sub>的晶体结构示意图。(b) 光学显微镜下FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶样品照片。(c) 单晶FePSe<sub>3</sub>的能谱分析图。(d) 单晶FePSe<sub>3</sub>表面的X射线衍射图样。(e) FePSe<sub>3</sub>粉末的X射线衍射图样及晶体结构精修结果</p></sec><sec id="s7_2"><title>3.2. 电输运性质</title><p>图2所示为在200 K至350 K温度区域内FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶的面内电阻率ρ<sub>ab</sub>随温度T的变化曲线，可以看出随着温度的降低面内电阻率而逐渐增大，其变化趋势上表现出典型的半导体电阻行为特征；直到当温度低于200 K时，样品的电阻超出了综合物性测试系统的测试量程。从图2可以看出，FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶的面内电阻率与半导体热激发的阿伦尼乌斯(Arrhenius)公式ρ (T) = ρ<sub>0</sub> exp (E<sub>a</sub>/k<sub>B</sub>T)符合较好，其中k<sub>B</sub>为玻尔兹曼常数，而ρ<sub>0</sub>和E<sub>a</sub>分别为半导体材料的电阻率常数和电导激活能。这说明FePSe<sub>3</sub>是一个典型的热激发半导体材料。定量拟合结果显示FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶的电阻率常数ρ<sub>0</sub>和电导激活能E<sub>a</sub>分别为48 mΩ和268 meV。FePSe<sub>3</sub>的电导激活能与FePS<sub>3</sub>的电导激活能大小相当，但都远小于相应的光激发激活能，主要是因为电导激活能和光激发激活能对不同的能隙的响应和敏感程度不一样导致的 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref14">14</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref15">15</xref>]。</p></sec><sec id="s7_3"><title>3.3. 磁学性质</title><p>图3(a)和图3(b)所示为FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶样品不同晶体方向在在零场冷(ZFC)和场冷(FC)模式下的磁化率χ随温度T的变化曲线。首先注意到，在确定的晶体方向上零场冷(ZFC)和场冷(FC)模式下磁化率χ符合得很好，</p><p>图2. FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶样品面内电阻率ρ<sub>ab</sub>随温度的变化及Arrhenius公式拟合曲线</p><p>图3. (a) (b) 当磁场H = 1 T时，FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶在零场冷(ZFC)和场冷(FC)模式下的磁化率随温度的变化，其中(a) H // ab，(b) H ^ ab；(c) (d) 磁化率与温度乘积对温度的导数d(χT)/dT随温度的变化，其中(c) H // ab，(d) H ^ ab；(c)和(d)的内插图分别为磁场H // ab和H ^ ab时，FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶样品的等温磁化曲线</p><p>说明FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶样品不存在自旋玻璃态等短程序。从变化趋势上看，两个晶体方向上的磁化率随着温度的变化趋势是基本一致。从高温向低温看，磁化率首先都随着温度的降低而逐渐变大；并在温度T<sub>max</sub> = 124 K时磁化率都达到了一个极大值；紧接着表现出一个非常急剧的下降；最后随着温度的继续降低磁化率几乎保持为一个常数而不变。这是反铁磁相变的典型特征，在大于124 K的高温区域体系处于顺磁状态，而在124 K附近体系发生反铁磁相变而使磁化率急剧下降，低温下体系达到几乎完全有序的状态而使磁化率几乎保持常数不变。如图3(c)和图3(d)的内插图所示，随磁场增大，FePSe<sub>3</sub>单晶样品不同晶体方向的等温磁化曲线呈线性增大，说明体系中不存在铁磁性成分，与磁化率随温度变化曲线上观测到的反铁磁行为是一致的。不同晶体方向的磁化率和等温磁化曲线都说明FePSe<sub>3</sub>是反铁磁绝缘体。</p><p>根据费塞尔(M. E. Fisher)唯象理论，反铁磁体临界状态下的磁比热C<sub>M</sub>正比于d(χT)/dT，其中χ为反铁磁体的磁化率，T为温度 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref16">16</xref>]。所以，可以通过d(χT)/dT不仅能够精确确定反铁磁体的相变温度，而且能够对相变特征做出定性判断。图3(c)和图3(d)分别为H // ab和H ^ ab方向上的d(χT)/dT随温度的变化曲线，d(χT)/dT除在温度为109 K处具有一个非常尖锐的峰外，其他区域都基本上趋于常数，说明FePSe<sub>3</sub>反铁磁相变温度在T<sub>N</sub> = 109 K处。同时注意到，109 K处d(χT)/dT峰的尖锐程度明显远大于常见的反铁磁相变系统。这可能与FePS<sub>3</sub>一样 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref14">14</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref15">15</xref>]，FePSe<sub>3</sub>在反铁磁相变温度T<sub>N</sub>处可能也伴随有一级结构相变，这需要进一步的变温中子或者X射线衍射实验才能确认。</p><p>根据外斯磁性唯象理论，处于顺磁状态系统的磁化率服从居里–外斯定律χ = C/(T − θ)，其中居里常数C反映系统的有效磁矩μ<sub>eff</sub>的大小；外斯温度θ反映系统的磁相互作用的类型，体系存在反铁磁交换作用时θ取负值，存在铁磁交换作用时θ取正值 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref17">17</xref>]。如图3(a)和图3(b)所示，FePSe<sub>3</sub>在温度为200 K ≤ T ≤ 360 K的顺磁区域H // ab和H ^ ab方向上磁化率都很好地服从居里–外斯定律。在H // ab方向上居里–外斯定律拟合可得C = 3.48 emu K mol<sup>−1</sup>，μ<sub>eff</sub> = 5.27 μ<sub>B</sub>，θ = −107 K；在H ^ ab方向上居里–外斯定律拟合可得C = 3.98 emu K mol<sup>−1</sup>，μ<sub>eff</sub> = 5.64 μ<sub>B</sub>，θ = 23 K；其中μ<sub>B</sub>为玻尔磁子。H // ab和H ^ ab方向上的有效磁矩与二价铁离子Fe<sup>2+</sup>的有效磁矩大小是一致的。值得注意的是，H // ab方向上外斯温度θ取负值，H ^ ab方向上外斯温度θ取正值，说明在FePSe<sub>3</sub>中ab面内反铁磁交换作用占主导，而ab面间铁磁交换作用占主导 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref17">17</xref>]。在FePS<sub>3</sub>中也观察到了这种面内和面间磁交换作用类型不同的的现象，这与二维磁性材料体系中存在的巨大磁各向异性有关 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref14">14</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.51462-ref15">15</xref>]。同时，从图3(a)和图3(b)可以看出H // ab和H ^ ab方向上的磁化率大小存在明显差异，说明无论在顺磁区域还是在反铁磁区域FePSe<sub>3</sub>都具有明显的磁各向异性。</p></sec></sec><sec id="s8"><title>4 结论</title><p>用化学气相输运法制备出了过渡金属–磷–三硒化物FePSe<sub>3</sub>的大尺寸高质量单晶样品。FePSe<sub>3</sub>具有典型的三角层状晶体结构，层间以较弱的范德华力结合。电阻率和磁化率数据分析表明FePSe<sub>3</sub>是一个准二维的反铁磁半导体系统，其反铁磁相变表现出明显的各向异性和一级相变的特征。</p></sec><sec id="s9"><title>基金项目</title><p>河南省自然科学基金(项目号：182300410274)，南阳师范学院青年项目(项目号：2022QN023)。</p></sec><sec id="s10"><title>文章引用</title><p>刘 博,杨 艺,傅 瑜,何俊宝. 二维层状磁性半导体材料FePSe<sub>3</sub>的物理性质研究Study on Physical Properties of Two-Dimensional Layered Magnetic Semiconductor Material FePSe<sub>3</sub>[J]. 凝聚态物理学进展, 2022, 11(02): 21-27. https://doi.org/10.12677/CMP.2022.112003</p></sec><sec id="s11"><title>参考文献</title></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="hanspub.51462-ref1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Park, J.G. 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