<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE article  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en" article-type="research article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">TCM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Traditional Chinese Medicine</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2166-6067</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12677/TCM.2024.133045</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">TCM-81223</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>TCM20240300000_41270537.pdf</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>医药卫生</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>
 
 
  五音疗法在临床疾病中的应用及机制研究进展
  Research Progress on the Application and Mechanism of Five-Element Music Therapy in Clinical Diseases
 
</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>黄</surname><given-names>泽钦</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>熊</surname><given-names>小檍</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>杨</surname><given-names>稣浩</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>张</surname><given-names>心晓</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>肖</surname><given-names>兴平</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>罗</surname><given-names>霞霞</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>王</surname><given-names>宇飞</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><addr-line>成都中医药大学针灸推拿学院，四川 成都</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><addr-line>null</addr-line></aff><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>03</issue><fpage>291</fpage><lpage>297</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>&#169; Copyright  2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license><license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>
 
 
  五音疗法是中国古代传统治疗方式，其起源于《黄帝内经》，已具备相对完善的理论基础，且被广泛应用于多种疾病的治疗。本文对五音疗法的理论基础、临床应用及相关现代医学机制研究进行总结，分析五音疗法不足之处，并对五音疗法未来研究进行展望，旨在为五音疗法未来发展及创新提供参考。
  As the unique treatment method of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), originated from the “Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine”, five-element music therapy has a relatively sound theoreti-cal foundation, and has been widely used in the treatment of many diseases. This article summariz-es the theoretical basis, clinical application and modern medical mechanism of five-element music therapy, analyzes the advantages and shortcomings, aiming to provide reference for the future de-velopment and innovation of five-element music therapy.
 
</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>五音疗法，临床应用，现代机制，脑系疾病, Five-Element Music Therapy</kwd><kwd> Clinical Application</kwd><kwd> Modern Medical Mechanism</kwd><kwd> Brain Diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><sec id="s1"><title>摘要</title><p>五音疗法是中国古代传统治疗方式，其起源于《黄帝内经》，已具备相对完善的理论基础，且被广泛应用于多种疾病的治疗。本文对五音疗法的理论基础、临床应用及相关现代医学机制研究进行总结，分析五音疗法不足之处，并对五音疗法未来研究进行展望，旨在为五音疗法未来发展及创新提供参考。</p></sec><sec id="s2"><title>关键词</title><p>五音疗法，临床应用，现代机制，脑系疾病</p></sec><sec id="s3"><title>Research Progress on the Application and Mechanism of Five-Element Music Therapy in Clinical Diseases<sup> </sup></title><p>Zeqin Huang<sup>*</sup>, Xiaoyi Xiong<sup>#</sup>, Suhao Yang, Xinxiao Zhang, Xinping Xiao, Xiaxia Luo, Yufei Wang</p><p>Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Tradition Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Sichuan</p><p>Received: Jan. 11<sup>th</sup>, 2024; accepted: Feb. 19<sup>th</sup>, 2024; published: Feb. 26<sup>th</sup>, 2024</p></sec><sec id="s4"><title>ABSTRACT</title><p>As the unique treatment method of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), originated from the “Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine”, five-element music therapy has a relatively sound theoretical foundation, and has been widely used in the treatment of many diseases. This article summarizes the theoretical basis, clinical application and modern medical mechanism of five-element music therapy, analyzes the advantages and shortcomings, aiming to provide reference for the future development and innovation of five-element music therapy.</p><p>Keywords:Five-Element Music Therapy, Clinical Application, Modern Medical Mechanism, Brain Diseases</p><disp-formula id="hanspub.81223-formula15"><graphic xlink:href="//html.hanspub.org/file/9-2271766x5_hanspub.png?20240227082217395"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Copyright &#169; 2024 by author(s) and Hans Publishers Inc.</p><p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).</p><p>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</p><p><img src="//html.hanspub.org/file/9-2271766x6_hanspub.png?20240227082217395" /> <img src="//html.hanspub.org/file/9-2271766x7_hanspub.png?20240227082217395" /></p></sec><sec id="s5"><title>1. 引言</title><p>五音疗法是中医学与中国音乐结合的一种特殊治疗方法。《黄帝内经》记载“天有五音：角徵宫商羽；地有五行：木火土金水；人有五脏：肝心脾肺肾”。五音疗法将五音配五行，五行应五脏，利用音乐的特性，协调五脏，调控气血，达到调整、改善患者身心的疗效 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref1">1</xref>] 。目前，五音疗法已被广泛应用于各种疾病的治疗领域，包括精神类疾病、消化类疾病、脑病、痛证等方面均有较多的报道 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref2">2</xref>] - [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref9">9</xref>] 。同时，随着现代医学的发展，人们对于五音疗法机制挖掘也更加丰富，为进一步推广和发展五音疗法提供了更加明确有利的依据 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref10">10</xref>] 。</p></sec><sec id="s6"><title>2. 五音疗法的理论基础及分类</title><sec id="s6_1"><title>2.1. 理论基础</title><p>《史记》中记载：“宫动脾，商动肺，角动肝，徵动心，羽动肾。”在王冰《素问&#183;阴阳应象大论篇》注解中提到“角谓木音，调而直也；徵谓火音，和而美也；宫谓土音，大而和也；商谓金音，轻而劲也；羽谓水音，沉而深也。”五音疗法将五音、五行、五脏及五志相互对应，以发挥诊断、治疗作用，其具体作用如下 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref11">11</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref12">12</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref13">13</xref>] 。</p><sec id="s6_1_1"><title>2.1.1. 宫调式音乐</title><p>宫调式音乐，五行属土，五志属思，五脏属脾，曲调庄重恬静，能稳定忧思之人情绪，收敛心神，亦能调理脾胃之气，使运化得当，气血生化有源。此类音乐包括《十面埋伏》《二泉映月》《秋湖月夜》等，在巳时(9~11时)播放最佳。</p></sec><sec id="s6_1_2"><title>2.1.2. 商调式音乐</title><p>商调式音乐，五行属金，五志属悲，五脏属肺，曲调铿锵肃杀，悲壮高昂，能安抚悲哀之人情绪，振奋精神，亦能调控肺气运行，使宣发肃降得司，一身之气得以运行通畅。此类音乐包括《潇湘水云》《阳春白雪》《第三交响曲》等，在寅时(3~5时)播放最佳。</p></sec><sec id="s6_1_3"><title>2.1.3. 角调式音乐</title><p>角调式音乐，五行属木，五志属怒，五脏属肝，曲调舒缓柔和，清新悠扬，能疏肝解郁，条畅情志，亦能促进脾胃消化、气血运行，调理冲任。此类音乐包括：《梅花三弄》《庄周梦蝶》《蓝色多瑙河》等，在子时(23~1时)播放最佳。</p></sec><sec id="s6_1_4"><title>2.1.4. 徵调式音乐</title><p>徵调式音乐，五行属火，五志属喜，五脏属心，曲调欢快、激烈，能够抑制浮躁，舒畅心气，亦能强化心脏机能，温补心阳，助心行血，通调血脉。此类音乐包括：《花好月圆》《春节序曲》《紫竹调》等，在午时(11~13时)播放最佳。</p></sec><sec id="s6_1_5"><title>2.1.5. 羽调式音乐</title><p>羽调式音乐，五行属水，五志属恐，五脏属肾，曲调婉转清幽，能够安神定魄，镇惊定气，亦能够补肾填精、生髓健脑，固先天之本。此类音乐包括：《梁祝》《塞上曲》《昭君怨》等，在酉时(17~19时)播放最佳。</p></sec></sec><sec id="s6_2"><title>2.2. 分类</title><sec id="s6_2_1"><title>2.2.1. 传统五音疗法</title><p>传统五音疗法为“乐曲–病证”模式，医家依据现有音乐调式旋律特点，确定其相应五行属性及对应脏腑，通过辨证论治，乐证相对，从而对疾病进行干预治疗。如：使用角调式《列子御风》及羽调式《乌夜啼》治疗肝肾亏虚证腰痛 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref2">2</xref>] 。</p></sec><sec id="s6_2_2"><title>2.2.2. 现代五音乐方</title><p>现代五音乐方由传统五音疗法发展而来，为“证–乐”模式，根据五音–五脏对应关系，将五音等同于药物，根据五音应五脏为理论基础，将不同五音调式如药物“君臣佐使”般配伍组成相应的调式曲目后播放以达到治疗效果。如许继宗等选取与脾经、心包经、肝经、胆经、肺经及大肠经所相应的A0 (29.14 Hz)、A1 (58.27 Hz)、D1 (36.71 Hz)、D2 (73.42 Hz)、G1 (49.00 Hz)、G2 (98.00 Hz)频率治疗脑卒中后肌力障碍 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref4">4</xref>] 。</p></sec></sec></sec><sec id="s7"><title>3. 五音疗法的临床应用及现代机制</title><p>在传统医学方面，疾病发生的本质在于机体阴阳失衡，脏腑经络功能失调。五音疗法以阴阳、五行理论为基础，将五音与脏腑、经络相互联系，通过辨证论治，选择相应的曲目或频率，或泻之，或补之，调节机体阴阳气血平衡，从而起到治疗疾病的作用 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref14">14</xref>] 。目前临床上，五音疗法的研究主要集中在精神情志类疾病、消化类疾病、脑病等疾病领域，证实了五音疗法的实用性及有效性，并从现代医学角度挖掘了五音疗法的现代作用机制。目前五音疗法的作用机制研究相对缺乏，但五音疗法属于广义“音乐疗法”范畴，二者作用机制可能存在异曲同工之妙，故可加以借鉴，以进一步探讨五音疗法的作用机制及开拓五音疗法的疾病治疗范围。</p><sec id="s7_1"><title>3.1. 精神情志类疾病</title><p>《史记&#183;乐书》曰：“音乐者，所以动荡血脉，通畅精神而和正心”，五音疗法在治疗精神情志类疾病时疗效显著。张文韬等 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref3">3</xref>] 根据《黄帝内经》五音疗法观察对轻中度焦虑抑郁患者的临床疗效，发现观察组(五音疗法治疗)总有效率达88.57%，显著高于对照组(常规黛力新片抗抑郁治疗) 65.71% (P &lt; 0.05)，体现了五音疗法在焦虑抑郁治疗的优势。5-羟色胺(5-HT)是抑郁症治疗首选的干预靶点，张绍华等观察五音疗法对老年性痴呆患者抑郁情绪的影响，将35例试验组患者经辨证选择相应的音调曲目进行干预，治疗3月后，患者治疗前后Hamilton抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分下降程度均优于氟西汀片治疗的对照组，同时治疗后血清5-HT水平较前明显升高，与患者症状改善程度呈正比，提示了五音疗法可能通过调控5-HT水平发挥治疗疗效的机制 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref5">5</xref>] 。动物实验也发现，五音疗法能够显著提高抑郁症小鼠血清5-HT水平，降低海马组织中单胺氧化酶(MAO)含量及肝脏组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量，改善小鼠抑郁相关行为学表现 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref15">15</xref>] 。通过现代脑电图手段发现，音乐刺激后与抑郁相关的δ波段和β波段连通性降低，α波段连通性增加 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref16">16</xref>] 。这些研究结果都共同提示了五音疗法治疗抑郁症可能存在多重途径。</p></sec><sec id="s7_2"><title>3.2. 消化类疾病</title><p>朱云燕等对比观察择时五音疗法与常规中西医结合治疗肝郁脾虚性溃疡性结肠炎的疗效，发现根据五音疗法选取“角”调木音《姑苏行》和“宫”调土音《平湖秋月》，同时择巳时应脾对肝郁脾虚型溃疡性结肠炎患者进行干预，能够显著减轻患者临床症状、病情及肠道黏膜病变，同时改善患者心理状态和生活质量，提高临床疗效 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref6">6</xref>] 。肠易激综合征是常见的消化道疾病，刘爰帆等认为五音疗法能够打破情感与肠功能之间的负反馈环，从而消除或改善肠应激综合征 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref17">17</xref>] 。陈春花应用朱琏针法配合疏香灸、五音疗法治疗便秘型肠易激综合征，也取得了显著的疗效 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref7">7</xref>] 。同时，五音疗法联合穴位敷贴、热奄包、揿针、雷火灸等中医特色治疗对反流性食管炎、急慢性胃炎、餐后不适综合征等消化道疾病也有着良好的疗效。 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref18">18</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref19">19</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref20">20</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref21">21</xref>] 。然而，尽管五音疗法对消化系统疾病的改善作用可能与其胃肠动力促进作用相关，但仍缺乏直接证据表明 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref22">22</xref>] 。</p></sec><sec id="s7_3"><title>3.3. 脑系疾病</title><sec id="s7_3_1"><title>3.3.1. 脑卒中</title><p>许继宗等研究发现，五音疗法对于脑卒中患者的康复有良好的促进作用，根据“治痿独取阳明”理论，以调理脾胃为重点，选取“宫”音以补之，“角”音以泻之，“羽”音以燥脾胃苦湿，能够显著改善脑卒中患者四肢肌力及步行能力，提高临床有效率 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref23">23</xref>] 。认知功能障碍也是脑卒中后常见的并发症，李庄等观察五音疗法配合靳三针及大陵穴对中风后轻中度认知功能障碍的疗效，发现相对于单纯靳三针与大陵穴，配合五音疗法对中风后患者简明精神状态量表(MMSE)评分提高更为显著，且适度延长疗程可明显提高该病的有效率 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref24">24</xref>] 。同时，五音疗法对于卒中后抑郁、失语、吞咽功能障碍等并发症也有一定的疗效 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref25">25</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref26">26</xref>] 。</p><p>目前尚缺乏关于五音疗法治疗脑卒中的相关机制研究，但现代研究基于通过fMRI及PET观察到脑卒中患者康复过程中配合音乐疗法能够激发神经元，刺激受损大脑运动、言语、听觉等功能区，促进脑功能重塑，提高康复效率，促进患者运动、言语等功能恢复，促进患者肢体运动功能及认知功能的恢复 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref27">27</xref>] 。动物研究发现，音乐疗法能够增加多巴胺能神经传递及新纹状体多巴胺浓度，同时增强二亚甲基双氧安非他明(MDMA)对伏隔核(NAc)中多巴胺水平的影响，这可能与脑损伤患者工作记忆及执行功能的改善有关 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref28">28</xref>] 。同时可以通过声学振动影响下丘脑–垂体区域的内分泌功能，促进垂体激素、酶和活性物质的分泌，调节血流，兴奋神经细胞，促进肢体运动功能的恢复并改善日常生活活动 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref29">29</xref>] 。在观察音乐疗法对MCAO大鼠脑损伤影响的实验中发现，适当的音乐能够刺激受损皮层BDNF和GFAP分泌，促进梗死核心区细胞再生，诱导外周区残余神经元修复，有效缓解脑卒中后运动功能障碍，其可能与刺激星形胶质细胞对BDNF和GFAP的吸收和再分泌相关 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref30">30</xref>] 。音乐疗法也能够刺激抑制肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素等激素的分泌，同时诱导一氧化碳增多，调节神经细胞的兴奋性，改善卒中后患者的抑郁情绪 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref31">31</xref>] 。研究也发现徵调式音乐能够改善和恢复不同脑区的5-HT及NE神经递质水平，改善卒中后抑郁模型大鼠的抑郁状态 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref32">32</xref>] 。</p></sec><sec id="s7_3_2"><title>3.3.2. 阿尔茨海默症(AD)</title><p>目前国内尚未开展五音疗法治疗AD相关研究，但国外音乐疗法对AD的治疗作用已被证实。在一项应用音乐干预AD患者的研究中，对298名轻、中、重度AD患者进行音乐干预，包括唱歌、歌词、控制三个小组，并对他们进行认知功能和幸福感的评估。研究发现，音乐干预能够有效控制AD患者的精神和行为症状，增强患者AD患者记忆力，尤其是在听觉语言学习测试中的即时和延迟会议，其中主动唱歌最为有效 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref33">33</xref>] 。</p><p>音乐疗法治疗AD患者认知和情绪的影响存在三种可能的神经机制。第一种机制音乐疗法能够刺激神经发生及神经可塑性。研究表明音乐诱发的情绪能够激活海马体的形成，逆转海马体积损失，对记忆功能和情绪产生有益的影响 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref34">34</xref>] 。第二种机制是音乐疗法刺激腹侧纹状体中多巴胺的浓度。多巴胺的减少被证实与年龄增加及AD的认知功能下降相关，而音乐疗法能够刺激多巴胺的释放，从而防止这一原因导致的认知功能下降 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref35">35</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref36">36</xref>] 。第三种机制与炎症相关，音乐引起的情绪能够通过激活自主神经系统来减轻压力并引起一系列的生理变化，比如音乐能够影响神经内分泌应激反应，调节免疫系统。而AD患者大脑中持续存在免疫反应，因此，音乐可能通过对免疫系统的调节从而影响AD的进程 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref37">37</xref>] 。</p></sec><sec id="s7_3_3"><title>3.3.3. 帕金森病(PD)</title><p>步态障碍是PD最主要的功能障碍，在一项基于音乐运动疗法(MMT)治疗PD患者步态冻结的随机对照试验发现，MMT组患者的步速、最大踝、膝、髋关节活动度及双相支撑时间均优于空白对照组和单纯运动疗法组 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref38">38</xref>] 。Prisca Hsu对比了PD患者接受音乐节拍训练的差异，发现接受音乐节拍训练的PD患者对节拍的感知力与健康人相似，而这一功能本应随基底节功能障碍而减弱或消失，提示了音乐疗法对基底节功能恢复的促进作用 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref39">39</xref>] 。同时，音乐疗法对于PD患者认知功能、睡眠障碍、感觉异常等非运动功能障碍也有良好的调节作用 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref8">8</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref40">40</xref>] 。后续研究可加以借鉴，进一步开展五音疗法治疗PD的相关研究，拓展五音疗法的治疗范围。</p><p>研究表明，音乐疗法能够刺激调动PD患者小脑利用外部线索如听觉、视觉线索感知时间、节律的功能——隐形计时功能，以代偿基底节受损后对时间节律的感知障碍，从而改善PD患者的步态及其他运动行为 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref41">41</xref>] 。其次，音乐节律作为刺激信号，其触发的听觉神经放电速率能够诱捕运动神经元的放电速率，激活患者听觉节律与身体运动之间的相位锁定，刺激患者运动系统与音乐节律同步，以达到改善步态的作用 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref42">42</xref>] 。同时，在音乐刺激下，PD患者听觉、执行控制和运动/小脑网络之间表现出更强的网际联系，表现出更强的神经连贯性，更好的发挥协调作用 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref43">43</xref>] 。音乐刺激也能够活跃大脑运动区，从而加速PD患者的运动学习 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref44">44</xref>] 。PD患者对于音乐线索的认知及情感反应也是音乐疗法起效的关键因素 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref45">45</xref>] 。</p></sec></sec></sec><sec id="s8"><title>4. 小结及展望</title><p>综上所述，五音疗法在我国历史悠久，其理论体系已相对完善，在临床各疾病领域的治疗也十分成熟，且随着现代科技的发展，通过MRI、脑电图等设备及动物实验的观察，逐渐拓展了我们对于五音疗法在各疾病领域现代作用机制的认识，但目前仍缺乏高质量的循证医学临床研究，同时其治疗标准难以统一，缺乏系统性，亟需进一步的完善和发展 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="hanspub.81223-ref46">46</xref>] 。近些年，随着治未病的观念深入逐渐深入人心，现代音乐的传入发展及音乐播放技术和设备的普及，五音疗法处于发展的关键时期。如何结合现代音乐对五音疗法进行创新改革，利用现代技术开展五音疗法高质量临床及动物研究，进一步完善五音疗法的不足之处，深入探索其中机制，是五音疗法存精传承的关键，也应是日后研究所要关注的重点。</p></sec><sec id="s9"><title>基金项目</title><p>四川省科技厅杰出青年科学基金项目急性脑卒中脑损伤机制及防治研究(2020JDJQ0046)。</p></sec><sec id="s10"><title>文章引用</title><p>黄泽钦,熊小檍,杨稣浩,张心晓,肖兴平,罗霞霞,王宇飞. 五音疗法在临床疾病中的应用及机制研究进展Research Progress on the Application and Mechanism of Five-Element Music Therapy in Clinical Diseases[J]. 中医学, 2024, 13(03): 291-297. 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